How can you prevent hemorrhoids?

The priority is to pass stools with less straining

Constipation, straining and spending too long on the toilet are associated with symptomatic hemorrhoidal disease. Clinical guidelines therefore place dietary and bowel-habit changes among first-line measures.

Fiber helps produce softer stools that are easier to pass. Increase intake gradually if making a substantial change, since a sudden increase can cause gas or bloating. Fluids also help fiber work effectively.

Habits worth looking after

No single habit guarantees that hemorrhoids will never develop. Prevention aims to reduce modifiable factors, particularly constipation, straining and prolonged toilet sitting.

• Include fiber-rich foods such as fruit, vegetables, legumes and whole grains.
• Drink enough fluids; the amount can vary with your health and diet.
• Avoid straining or sitting on the toilet longer than necessary.
• Avoid repeatedly delaying a bowel movement when you can go.
• If constipation or diarrhea persists, investigate the cause rather than accepting it as normal.

Fiber has the strongest evidence among conservative measures

The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons' 2024 guideline includes increased fiber and fluids and improved bowel habits in initial treatment. In the studies reviewed, fiber reduced persistent symptoms and bleeding, though its effect on prolapse, pain and itching was more limited.

Mexico's Secretaría de Salud also recommends a fiber-rich diet and enough water to prevent constipation and reduce factors associated with hemorrhoidal disease. These measures do not replace assessment when symptoms are already present.

Prevention does not mean assuming every symptom is a hemorrhoid

Bleeding, pain, itching or a lump may have other causes. Rectal bleeding in particular should not automatically be attributed to hemorrhoids. If new, recurrent or changing, assessment helps establish the cause and avoid inappropriate treatment.

If symptoms have already developed, the aim changes

Once symptoms develop, preventive measures may still help but do not replace diagnosis. If discomfort persists after about a week of general care, or rectal bleeding occurs, request an assessment. Severe anal pain with bleeding, abdominal pain, diarrhea or fever requires prompt medical attention.